Power-driven machine for aerial navigation.



V.,F'. CARPENTER. POWER DRIVEN MAoHNE PoR AERIAL NAVIGATION. APPLIOATICN FILED 0012.24, 1 910.

1 SHEETS-rSEEET 1,

.g5 v J AMW Patented Apr. 2, 1912.

V. P. CARPENTER. POWER DRIVEN MAGHINYRKPOR AERIAL NAVIGATION. APPLIoATIoN FILED 00T. 24, 1910.

Patented Apr. 2, 1912 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

V. P. CARPENTER. FOWBR DRIVEN MACHINE FOR AERIAL NAVIGATION.

APPLICATION FILED OUT.Z4,1910.

`Patented Apr. 2, 1912.

- 4 SHEETS-SHEET s.

V.- F. CARP]E}NTI;` .R.y POWER DRIVEN MACHINE FOR AERIAL NAVIGATION. ArPLIoATIoN FILED 00T. 24. 1910.

f "mmm" Wn'zes'ses. I v I i; a ELM/Zat .UNITED STATE-s maaar VABNUM r. onanieren, or cnavanaim,

.To allwhom it may concern: Y y

Beitknown that I, VARNUM-F. CARPEN- TER, a citizen. of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented lcertain 'new and useful Improvementsv in lower-Drwen Machines fol` Aerial Navigation, of which the following is a specification,

Fi 2 is a planview thereof.4 Fig. 3 is an' en elevation. Fig'. 4 is a sectional ele-vation of the rear-propeller and operating parts, 'and Fig. 5 is a detail of thea'djusting head for the said rear propeller. Fig. A6 is asect'on and side elevation. As thus shown, the invention comprises a suitable skeleton frameconstructed to provide maximumy rigidity and strength with a minimum of weight, and speciically comprises. the substantially rectangular which is narrowed to approximatelycigar shape at its "ends and has the powerzdiven cran-k shaft S mounted centrally4 therein lengthwise, `said shaft being supported in Suitable bearings b at and between its ends, and the propellers P and P are mounted on said shaft outside-the ends of said body.

The engine or motor M is su ported in said body midway between its end)s in a balancing relation `and is arranged to drive shaft S and the other power driven parts.

operatively engaged with'said shaft. These arts comprise especiallythe said propellers and. P. and the lift planes W, also referred to asf lift blades, which .are mounted over'each end of the machine vand adapted to be` rotated horizontally whenl the machine is at work. To this end the said main frame is provided with a braced vertical tuost or standard Cat eachend and a "Shaft for eachset of planes or blades W through `said post proj ects above the same and has said planes o`r blades W mounted thereon,

whilebeveled. gears 2 and 3 'respectively operatively unite said shafts E with the main shaft 1S. Howeven'the gear 2. is sleeved on shaft S friction disk al rigid therewith adapted to fspeciacation'ot Letters Patent. i Application mea october 24,1910. serial no. teaser.

peller .'P, 'which is sleeved on aba-ft l .connection is `made with said palm leaf fan iny pl and has a flanged saucer shaped-Q POWER- naiven MACHINE non naman naait-vinieron;

frictionally engage said dista: ci and thereby' impart rotary power to gear -and thus pro pel the said blades lW.

y The .operator occupies d, and one oi' fthe several levers L, shown in ,-at the I front of said seat is connected by with each clutch t through a short f A similar arrangement extends to iron ma has ya tubularl extension shaft 'S A flanged friction disk 7 at its end adapted to be engaged by friction clutch 8 splihed on shaft S and operatedV from one ai said group of levers L by link or rod 9 to a pirated f lever 10 engaging said clutch 8.

` Two rudders R. and R are arranged at ltheends and bottom of the machine and'eon -sist of comparatively l Wide fiat blades vertically edgeWi-se and mounted on their own shafts l2 and adapted to'be horizontaily v rotated to govern the direction of travel and vturn the machine as in the case of incidere generally. Steering gear mechanic erning said rudders proceeds from s f shaft 13 carrying hand wheel il, and shaft 'has -a worm .iti from w 'l rude mechanism for this purpose in thi comprising a short shaft it? opent,` said worm l5 and a sheave l? on engaged by cord or cable i8 'wit sheaveslS) on the shafts respccti: l f rudders. The same line of n ian operatively engaged with the iront ti to guide the machine on: the "mnd,

The propellers l? and P" are ends, as also are the lift blad( blades have the shape sah L initially an and are oi.' a en practically compass or cover space laterally and extend son@J d yond or over the ends thereof at a sui' elevation in respect to the pr ller and relatively as shown. ln edge view t n 'said blades show a downward curvature or de fleetion at their outer and wider edgcsfas indicated at a, which has the eilcct et gatlr ering the air inward and adds rei-y to buoyancy and steadiness. Said plane are'ada-p'ted to be adjusted to suoli an inail nation laterally as to give thedesircd lift or rise togthe machine as will lift and carry `the same When said blades are rotated withn the requisite power and speed. eine lateral il inclination of said blades may of course be varied and they are provided with swivel.

o erators seat.

, of prime importance.

l( N l Y drawings, and their arrangement also is joints e on shaft 'for this lpurpose, but they are set to stay when athustment has been made and are not controllablelroin the These bladesare in fact a so the carrying blades of the 4machine and upon which it must depend mainly tor its ,buoyancy or support in. air,

the requisite por-Jer applied to the said litt blades they will bodily lift the machine troni its moorings and. support. it in the air.

It is also to be observed that saidyblades have stays or guys and b aces Q0 engaged therewith both from below and above," and that the shaft E e..tends above the plane ot said blades a suitable distance to make engagement with the top thereof by some/ot said stays, a eross-bar 2l, Fig. 3, being mounted on each shaft E for this purpose whilea free collar 22 belou7 serves to engage otheroit said stays therewith. As to these details any suitable arrangement ot parts may be adopted, the sustain said blades here and there where they muy require strengthening to do their uorl*h Incident. to the foregoing l employ two side ei' balancing planes l),

D. which are supportedon a. tubular cross shaft N and 'are variously adjustable in respect to the plane in which they work according to the eiiect desired in handling the machine in the air. Thus, assuming that a direct upward movement be desired either in start-Y ing or subsequently the saidplanes or li/ings l) are rotated to stand if'ertically, at which position they will ol'l'er no resistance to the rising o1 the machine. Qtherwise and when the machine is in the air these planes or Wings can be turned to any desired angle or inclination to a horiiaontal plane according' to the effect desired and their Value as balancing members is obvious. The said shaft N is supported on rigid brackets from the body of the main traine across its middie, a d said shatt li l as a oranti lever 'n at its middle adapted to le eng: ha! hand and adjust both t means being provided to in 'ing` wif planes at he saine time. r

essential thing being` to 'vertical mounted on a xed ring part 24 of the main frame, see Fig. 3. Suitable stay or guy wires are provided for saidplanes and th'e nearly vertical position thereof' from the ful] lines is shown in the dotted lines. he full .lines of the planesrepresent one working angle when the' machine is eilig propelled forwardly. .ln point of position said planes or wings come Wholly outside and said controlling rin." l come next adand thus tix the said Wings at any desired position relative to either a vertical or la horizontal plane. Obviously, also, these planes are relatively beneath. the plane of the lizl't blades W and in balancing relation midway lengthwise ot' body B. Ol course the adjustment of both wings alike and simultaneous through sha't N, to which they are affixed, and said shaft is strengthened with the necessary guy Wires 27' eX- tending to its ends. V The said wires 27 are lattached to afeirule ringr or the like on each outer end of the shaft N indifferent balancing planes to swing to substantially horizontal positions between said Wires and which will bring said planes above one Wire and below the other. lt should also be noted that'to this end the saine wires run atinclination ,or diagonally across the axis of, shatt'Nrand in respect to a horizontal plane, as shown in Fig. G andare attached outer ends.

ln Fig. l, particularly, and also in Fier. 3, there is showna tail plane T, which in a sense performs the ollice of a tail in a flying bird besides serving as a balancing member for the rear ot' the 'machineand is supported on a cross bar rotatably mounted on rear standard C and adjustably con trolled by a lever 2l) and notched segment 30, or the equivalent ot these parts..-

As to the rear propeller P, it remains to be said that the blades ll thereof are axially adjustable to dilterent angles oit inclination `to thedirection of liiffht by means of a head 32 slidably mounted on shalt S and having a sleeve extension engaged by a. lever pivoted between its ends4 and adapted to be head has oppositely'y inclined slots as seen in Fig. 5. Arms 3st rigid with said blades on shaft S.

The )lan of o'ieration conlcm'ilates a dii planes TV', and -with ldie central planes D `in position and the nropellers l.) and out of action. then would inicessitatf the body of the main trame of the machine .l

planes and in such manner as to permit the to the main trame ot the machine at their controlled from the operators seat, and said moroni" it.,

joining Where the catches le engage them 3l provided with rollers ruiming inV rect upward rise under the action ot' the. lift; y

` planes D to the desired angle and starting one or both of the propellers, which can be independently operated through the respective friction clutches.

What I claiinis:

1. A machine substantially as described comprising a substantially cigar shaped 'body having tubular uprights near its ends,

power driven shafts supported in said up- .rights and projecting above the same, lift blades mounted on said shafts between their ends and the top 'of said'uprights .and inclined stays running to said blades top andbottom and conining the blades to horizontalrotation', in combination with balancing planesrelatively midway between said .lift planes, a shaft on which said balancing .planes are mounted outside said body and said shaft adapted to rotate said balancing planes to a substantially vertical position,

said latter shaft being supportedV across the top and middle of said body, thereby elevating the said 'balancing planes above the body of the machine, prcpellers at the e'nds of said body and gear connections operatively uniting tthe saine with said p ower driven shafts. `i

2. In aerial machines, a skeleton body of substantially cigar shape, a drive shaft f ends thereofand vertical shaftsextending lengthwise through the same and .propellers on the ends thereof outside saidbodyg, tu-v bular uprights fixed on said frame near the through said upriglits above the sameand operatively geared with said drive shaft,

liftjblades fixed on the said vertical shafts and' above said.. tubular uprights and limited to horizontal rotation, stays for said .blades above and below .on said shafts,= a

single hand controlled cross shaft, at the middle and P ofsaidbd having bearsupporting said planes, having suitable 'bearings at its ends;'wire stays 27 extend.-4 ving from ,lsaid frame on `an inclined plane longitudinally of the frame and connected at their other ends with said-bearin andV means f r rotating said shaft, where y said planes "can be adjusted to. a'substantially vertical .position between and in respect to said lift blades.

'In testimony whereof I ailix my signature in the presence ofy two witnesses.

'VARN'UM F. CARPENTER. Witnesses:y

E. M. Fisrinn, F. C. MUssUN. 

